Abstract

Examining the challenges in implementing the National Greening Program is essential for recognizing systemic obstacles and provides insights in refining strategies to enhance its success in achieving sustainable environmental and socio-economic outcomes. With this in mind, this case study described the challenges and factors that affect the successful implemented of NGP in two selected upland municipalities in Ilocos Sur, Philippines. Through interviews with 10 implementers and community partners, the study revealed several key challenges in the implementation of the National Greening Program (NGP), including institutional inefficiencies, lack of coordination between government agencies, and unclear policies that hinder the program’s progress. Community participation is also a crucial factor, with land tenure disputes and limited local involvement disrupting reforestation efforts, highlighting the need for securing land rights and promoting sustainable livelihoods. Additionally, financial constraints, poor resource allocation, and the need for skilled personnel and capacity-building programs were identified as significant barriers, underscoring the importance of adequate funding, transparent management, and ongoing training to ensure the program’s success and adaptability. Clearly, addressing the challenges is essential for ensuring the successful and sustainable implementation of the National Greening Program. Hence, interventions should be designed.

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